Managing data effectively in a database is crucial for any application or business. In PostgreSQL, combining INSERT and UPDATE operations is often necessary to maintain data integrity, avoid duplication, and enhance performance. This technique, known as "upsert" (a combination of "update" and "insert"), is essential in scenarios where you want to either add a new record or update an existing one. Understanding how to implement this strategy efficiently can save time and resources. This article explores the methods of combining INSERT and UPDATE in PostgreSQL, using code examples, demos, and results to provide a comprehensive understanding.