NullPointerException (NPE) is one of the most common runtime exceptions in Java. It's a problem that nearly every Java developer faces at some point, usually because they are working with objects that are not initialized properly. The good news is that there are effective ways to handle and prevent NPEs from derailing your application. This guide provides practical techniques to avoid NullPointerExceptions in Java, with clear examples and demos to help you write safer and more reliable code.